Video: Leap second: 61-second minute comes up Saturday 30 June 2012
Leap second is a one-second adjustment of clocks to give Earth time to catch up with the atomic time
Just as the leap day is added once every 4 years, also the leap second fills the time once in a while. The leap second purpose is to assure that atomic time and planetary time keep their alignment.
What happens if the leap second is not taken into account? Well, our clocks will go faster ahead on a regular basis and far in the future the sun will most likely be seen rising at noon. A leap second works somehow as the leap year which maintains calendars and seasons lined up.
What causes the delay between the Planetary Time and Atomic Time?
Astronomic data let scientists conclude that Earth’s rotation is slowing down at a tiny non-uniform rate which is generally attributed to planetary phenomena such as polar ice caps melting, ocean streams, molten core motion as well as extraplanetary effects such as solar and lunar gravitational forces.
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The accurate time is extremely useful because of its high-tech applications including here synchronization in global navigation and positioning systems (GPS), telecommunications networks and deep-space transmissions.
Because of the slight time delay between Earth and atomic clocks, the limit between June and July 2012 needs to be stretched by the mysterious second, therefore the time is going to stand still to allow “lazy” Earth catch up with super-accurate atomic clocks.
Video: What causes leap second? 61-second minute expected on June 30, 2012