Category: Science

Updates in science, research and educational knowledge via Foxcrawl Science

  • Cigarette ash used to filter and purify drinking water

    According to latest groundbreaking research, the smokers can at least do something useful this time! While for many of us the cigar ashes is just a smelly waste that needs to be disposed, for a team of researchers has become a very important resource.

    A team of chemists led by Jiaxing Li at the Academy of Sciences of China, invented a cigar ash-based water filter.

    The researchers coated the ash in aluminum oxide, thereby obtaining a filter that can remove arsenic from water very efficiently.
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    It was achieved a purification rate of 96%, a level that makes the filter powerful enough to meet the quality standards set by the World Health Organization for arsenic filters.

    The secret behind the discovery is the porous nature of cigarette ash , which makes it ideal for filtering water. The device obtained is inexpensive and can be a solution for the more than 130 million people suffering from drinking water contaminated with arsenic.

  • Mystery: What has X-37B done in space for nearly two years?

    This appears to be a great mystery: what has Orbital Space Vehicle X-37B done in space in the past two years? The unmanned aircraft landed on Friday Oct. 17 at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California after flying constantly for about two years.

    X-37B OTV
    X-37B conducted orbital experiments for nearly 2 years (public domain)
    674 days in orbit around the Earth, which is a record for an aircraft, says aerospace expert Hans van de Lande of the Space Expo. But that is just one of the few things we know with certainty about X-37B, of course, besides the fact that “it landed successfully yesterday, as you can see in the video below.

    Lasers?
    The X -37B looks like a space shuttle, but is not a shuttle (for technical details and landing info check the wiki and here and this site). It is the third time that the spacecraft makes a long flight, each just a little longer than the previous. The purpose of the flight is top secret, but Van de Lande thinks it is mainly for testing.

    “They make me think of photos of other satellites for example, and of the countries above which the X -37B fly. It could be that they test gobbling or picking up satellites , though this spacecraft might be too small for that,” says Van de Lande. “Perhaps they are doing laser test to check if a target can be hit with a laser. Americans have been working for years on a missile shield.”

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    Space shuttle?
    However, as stressed by the aerospace expert, no one really knows exactly what happens during such a flight. “It’s speculation. Aerospace Organizations have been working for years to find a successor to the space shuttle. Often the civil aviation follows the military one. The U.S also look at how it can bring humans into space with this type of aircraft, for example people to the International Space Station”

    The technologies tested by X -37B will probably end up at some point in satellites. More information can be disclosed when something is sent into space. The next flight is scheduled for 2015.

  • Super moon best seen Sunday night when closest to Earth

    Super moon, an astronomical phenomenon with a sky dominated by the bright full moon, can be best seen Sunday evening.

    super moon
    Super Moon seen from Faliraki, Rhodes Island, Greece
    The event can be observed starting at 9:12 p.m., when the moon will be only 356,896 kilometers away from Earth.

    According to astronomers, “Super Moon”, a term coined by astronomer Richard Nolle in 1979, consists of overlapping of Full Moon/New Moon phases at perigee position – the nearest point of Earth satellite’s orbit.
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    The phenomenon is considered trivial from an astronomical point of view regarding the fact that during a year, on average 4 to 6 “Super Moon” can be spotted.

    In this period Perseids are viewable, astronomers recommending those who want to see the swarm of meteors, to go outside of cities, where the air pollution is lesser.

  • Video: Giant mystery craters in Siberia stun scientists

    Ten days after the discovery of a mysterious crater in the Siberian region of Yamal, scientists have found that two new similar craters emerged sparking controversial discussions about their origin.

    Craters Siberia holes
    Mystery of Siberia craters remain unsolved (Credit: internet)
    The first crater is located on the Yamal Peninsula and about 30 meters in diameter. The second was spotted in the Taz district and features 15 meters in diameter while the third hole surfaced in Taymyr Peninsula and is four meter wide. The latest craters have been discovered by reindeer herders who nearly fell into them.

    The 4-meter diameter crater in the Taymyr region was accidentally found by local herders, inhabitants of the northern village of Nosok. The funnel is a perfectly formed cone with a depth estimated to be between 60 and 100 meters.

    The internet is now overwhelmed by numerous hypotheses and theories over how the craters formed and they range from stray missiles, meteorites impact, alien civilization, secret weapons testing or simply a well elaborated hoax to an explosive cocktails of methane or shale gas suddenly exploding.
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    The first of the two such new craters were discovered near Bovanenkovo​​, an area traversed by various pipelines. The other crater appeared throughout the Yamal region (which means “end of the world”), about 100 kilometers from the site where the first crater appeared.

    Video: Mystery craters in Siberia, still unexplained

  • Lightning hitting the ground captured on mobile phone camera by plane passenger

    A photograph snapped by the passenger on a Southwest Airlines plane shows the magnificent moment when a lightning struck the ground.

    lightning strike earth plane photo
    Southwest passenger captures timing of lightning striking the Earth (Twitter/Gina Hyams)
    Catching such a natural event on camera is apparently something rare which world’s best photographers would have coveted for.

    It requires high-tech equipment, patience as good luck, but Gina Hyams, a New Jersey woman who was sitting on her window seat while flying to Denver, was gifted with all of them at the right timing.
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    She managed to capture the lightning as the aircraft was flying under the stormy cloud ceiling.

    The stunning photo was posted by Gina on her Twitter account and became viral around the blogosphere and social media.

  • Christopher Columbus flagship found off Haiti: First evidence of discovery of America

    A wreck located off the coast of Haiti is thought to be Santa Maria, Christopher Columbus’ flagship and one of the three ships of the famous explorer who arrived in America during his 1492 expedition.

    Santa Maria flagship
    US investigation team found the wreck of Santa Maria, Christopher Columbus’ flagship (Photo: web)
    “All the elements of geographical, archaeological and underwater topography suggests that it is the famous wreck of Columbus’ flagship, Santa Maria,” said Barry Clifford, the coordinator of an underwater mission, for The Independent newspaper, cited by news outlets.

    Members of the team discovered and photographed the wreck 10 years ago but they realized only recently that they spotted one of the most famous ships ever.

    “Santa Maria” vessel crashed into a reef near the coast of Haiti, with Christopher Columbus on board, forcing the Italian explorer to set up a small human settlement for his crew – the first European colony in America, after a village founded by Vikings in the New World in the eleventh century.

    Columbus called the colony La Navidad (Christmas) and returned to Spain on board the ship Nina, leaving behind 39 of its crew members who did not fit in the boat.

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    A year later, Columbus returned to the region with 17 ships and 1,200 men , but the Navidad colony had been burnt to the ground in the meantime and there was no survivor.

    The discovery in 2003 of possible ruins of Navidad led Barry Clifford to the current position of the wreck off the Haitian coast, where the explorers analyzed it with modern means and techniques. They say that the size as well as the whereabouts in relation to the ruins of ancient settlement, correspond to the theoretical position that points to the wreckage of Santa Maria.

    “I am confident that bringing the wreckage to the surface will provide the first marine archaeological evidence on the discovery of America by Columbus,” said Barry Clifford.

    History Channel is currently filming the operations of bringing up the wreckage and producers intends to present the material in a special broadcasts.

  • Total lunar eclipse. Sun, Earth and Moon to line up and form spectacular Blood Moon on April 15, 2014

    A total lunar eclipse is gonna take place on April 15 at about 2 a.m. EDT. (6 a.m. GMT) when the Sun, Earth and Moon are “scheduled” to align such as our planet’s shadow engulfs entirely moon’s silent surface. The phenomenon is called also blood moon and coincided with significant religious events across the history. (SCROLL FOR VIDEO and ONLINE STREAM)

    Blood Moon 2014
    Blood Moon can be seen on early morning of Tuesday (Credit: NASA)
    The April 15 eclipse is dubbed “Blood Moon” because of the reddish color of the surface of Earth’s natural satellite. This is the first of a four eclipse sequence that will be separated by half year time window.

    In terms of poetry:
    “The moon will turn to blood as it aligns with Earth and sun
    Then do so thrice more ere a year and a half is done,
    ‘Tis not the herald of the apocalypses
    Just the first of four total lunar eclipses”.

    The four blood moons will emerge in approximately six-month intervals on the following dates: April 15, 2014; October 8, 2014; April 4, 2015, and September 28, 2015.

    In the past 2,000 years, similar astrological phenomena occurred rarely within such a short time and were consistent with significant religious events worldwide.

    An important detail is that the first Blood Moon will be visible on the day the Jews celebrate Easter, and the next eclipse will match another important Jewish feast. The last two eclipses will occur next year. Pastor Hagee says that “according to Bible prophecy, the history of the world will change dramatically. This is something that can not be a coincidence.”

    Total eclipse tonight: Areas of Blood Moon visibility across the globe
    Total eclipse tonight: Areas of Blood Moon visibility across the globe
    In popular folklore, the full moon is associated to a “bloody moon” because at total coverage, Moon will change color – depending on weather conditions on Earth, of course. The color of Earth’s shadow and therefore of the eclipsed moon, depends on the amount of airborne volcanic ash and other aerosols in the stratosphere. According to professor of atmospheric sciences Richar Keen of the University of Colorado, the stratosphere is clear this year, so we are expecting an orange moon rather than a blood moon.
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    Right before the alignment, sky watchers can observe also planet Mars which makes its nearest approach towards Earth.

    The total eclipse is visible only in North America, South America and across the Pacific Ocean, but people can follow the event on the internet.

    Eclipse enthusiasts who intend to stay up the whole night to catch the magic moment, can join NASA which is willing to stream the event live online.

    Video: Online Total Eclipse of Moon by NASA’s SLOOH telescope

    Watch live total lunar eclipse – Blood Moon 2014

    Video: The science behind the occurrence of a Blood Moon

  • Light flash in Curiosity Mars photo sparks beliefs about UFO, aliens and life possibility on Red Planet

    A photo snapped by NASA’s Curiosity rover on Mars and sent back to Earth re-ignited controversial debates over the possibility of life on the red Planet.

    Mars light spot curiosity
    A tiny light in this Mars image taken by Curiosity rover on April 3, causes stir (Credit: NASA/JPL)
    The image shows a mountainous landscape but there is also a bright white spot of something in its upper left side.

    The picture was taken by Curiosity after making its arrival at the “The Kimberley” way-point on April 2-3, 2014, and was posted in NASA image database.

    Now alien enthusiasts began to examine the spot in detail and got to the conclusion that something out of the ordinary must be there, maybe an unknown intelligent form of life.

    The mystery light flash in the suspicious picture made people imagination go free with someone quoted as saying: “this close up seems to reveal a hole or shadow beneath the light…could it be an underground base.”

    NASA still have to release an official answer about the origin of the light following countless requests from the public, but the best guesses waere already given out by some people with reliable scientific credit.

    What could it be?
    1) For example, a Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) employee claims that the light was probably a “cosmic ray hit,” a reasoning that Surrey Space Centre’s Doug Ellison agrees with.
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    “Cosmic ray hits” are a kind of strange space phenomenon. In general, the universe is full of cosmic rays, or high-speed atom fragments. They continuously impact the Earth, but we are unable see them. They’re nearly certainly responsible for flashes of light spotted by astronauts in space, most famously on the Apollo missions. As it turns out, those exposures are not great for long-term eye health. In the current situation, the bright “flash” is most likely a cosmic ray that emerged as Curiosity snapped the image.”

    2) JPL’s imaging scientist Justin Maki, a lead for the engineering on Curiosity’s cameras, unveiled what NASA belives is behind the strange spot. “We think it’s either a vent-hole light leak or a glinty rock”.

    “One possibility is that the light is the glint from a rock surface reflecting the sun,” he said.
    “The rover science team is also looking at the possibility that the bright spots could be sunlight reaching the camera’s CCD directly through a vent hole in the camera housing,” Maki said. “We think it’s either a vent-hole light leak or a glinty rock.”

    Video: Curiosity photograph captures strange light on planet Mars

  • (VIDEO): Fireball meteor streaked Nova Scotia sky scaring the Canadians

    CANADA METEOR: Spectacular video circulates around the web after a meteor that disintegrated in Canada’s sky was filmed by surveillance cameras.

    A footage that shows the moment when the meteorite entered the Earth’s atmosphere now make headlines on the Internet as the images are downright spectacular .

    More CCTV cameras from Nova Scotia caught the “triumphal entry” into Terra’s upper space of what most likely was a meteor fragment that subsequently disintegrated forming a fireball.
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    The fact that the video is not fake is confirmed by accounts from witnesses who initially thought it was just a shooting star, but afterwards it became bigger and then exploded causing a blinding light in the sky.

    Video: Canada meteor disintegrates in the sky above Nova Scotia

  • Shocking Video: Diver Faces Sudden Shark Attack in Caribbean Sea

    The terrifying moment when a diver meets face to face with a shark was captured on video. Jason Dimitri was forced to confront a killer shark in a horrifying encounter while diving off Cayman Islands. (scroll for video)

    Shark Caribbean Sea
    Diver used a pointed stick to protect himself of shark’s fierce attacks (Capture Youtube/JasonDimitri)
    Dimitri was filming the underwater environment with a Go Pro 3 camera, so he managed to capture the moment when he was attacked by a shark in the Caribbean.

    “The shark came out of nowhere. It scared me to death”, says Jason Dimitri in the caption to his video posted to its Youtube channel on 13 March 2014.

    Fortunately, the diver had the presence of mind to face off the shark and escaped unharmed from the battle. Although it was very close to being hurt or even killed by the insistent fish, the diver does not complain: “The shark was in its natural habitat. I have no resentment towards it,” added Dimitri.
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    The diver was in Western Caribbean Sea taking part in a reef conservation mission that consisted of lion fish culling.

    Video: Close encounter with shark in Caribbean Sea off Cayman Islands