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Tag: Global Warming

  • Global warming affects air traffic over North Atlantic

    Global warming affects air traffic over North Atlantic

    A recent study concluded that the clear air turbulence experienced by aircraft over the Atlantic Ocean is increasing due to climate warming.

    In a new study published in journal Nature, scientists concluded that there is a statistically significant increase in the movement and direction of air masses associated with turbulence experienced by aircraft flying over the North Atlantic.

    view from plane
    View from plane at high altitude (Attribution: Daibo Taku / Wikimedia)

    This statistical increase in clear sky turbulence has real effects on global aviation traffic, given that about 3,000 airplanes fly over the North Atlantic daily. Due to its busy air traffic and exposure to polar air masses, the scientists have chosen the northern region to be analized in their research.

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    In this study, meteorologists at Reading University concluded that at higher altitudes, reaching lower stratosphere above the North Pole, the temperature decreases as a reaction to climate changes in the Arctic region. Towards the equator, the opposite phenomenon is noticed: temperature increases at higher altitudes. This results in a larger temperature contrast at this altitudes.

    The higher temperature changes in different regions of the stratosphere interact with the lower changes in temperatures in different regions of the lower troposphere and they tend to balance out weakening the jet stream. However, scientists have noticed that the movement of the air streams in these regions is increasing, which results in the turbulence of aircraft flying over the Atlantic.

    The researchers concluded that they expect an amplification of these turbulences in the future, compared to the current situation. They also pointed out that climate projections in the North Atlantic area show that this region will be the most affected by these phenomena.

  • North Pole weather is crazily 20 degree Celsius warmer than usual

    Alarming news are coming from the North Pole where the weather temperature seems to be rising instead of dropping in this period of the year, and that’s a serious reason of concern for climate scientists.

    The polar night has already set in across the Arctic region and this should make temperatures fall. However, the opposite happens with ice levels reaching minimum values.

    North Pole weather map
    North Pole weather map
    Arctic nights span over several months, during which the sun does not make its appearance in most areas of the North Pole, leading to a sharp drop in temperatures.

    Contrary to what would normal be, temperatures are currently extremely high.

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    The temperatures north of 80th parallel is around -5 degrees Celsius, when in fact it should be -25 degrees Celsius in this period.

    This is the second year in a row where temperatures at North Pole hit unusual levels. Currently, “temperatures over a large portion of the Arctic Ocean are 20 degrees (36 Fahrenheit) higher”, said Arctic specialist at Rutgers University, Jennifer Francis, for The Washington Post.

    “That it’s related to climate change around the rest of the planet – the WMO last week declared that 2016 will most likely be the hottest year on record. The Arctic warmth is the result of a combination of record-low sea-ice extent for this time of year, probably very thin ice, and plenty of warm/moist air from lower latitudes being driven northward by a very wavy jet stream,” added Francis.

  • Arctic Ocean could melt in 30 years

    Worried scientists expressed deep concerns that if pollution continues at the current rate, then all ice at the North Pole may thaw in 30 years from now.

    ice cap iceland
    Mass of ice in Iceland (public domain)
    And the experts decided to second their suggestion with an an example: three cubic meters of the Arctic ice cap are disappearing because of the pollution released by each plane flying on the route Paris – New York.

    This is the environmental effect of every tonne of carbon dioxide emitted into the atmosphere. The calculations were made by the Max Planck Institute in Germany.
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    The average American releases about 16 metric tons of the pollutant per year, according to World Bank data. That means the average American thaws about 50 square meters annually.

    In other words, melting three square meters of Arctic ice would result from driving 2,397 miles, consuming two months of electricity in the average American home or using 2.3 barrels of oil, according to Time.com.

  • Global warming to turn Southern Europe into desert faster than thought

    Global warming will transform large parts of Europe in desert areas in less than a century, warn scientists at Aix-Marseille University in France.

    mediterranean sea basin
    Mediterranean basin ecosystem could change sooner than thought (pic: wikimedia)
    The Mediterranean basin will be most affected by climate change, as torrid heat waves will strike significant areas in Turkey, Italy, France and Spain.

    Without a clear program to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, the climate of the southern flank of Europe will change dramatically by the end of this century, said researchers in a study published in the journal Science.

    The desert will include important parts of Spain, Portugal, Sicily and Turkey, and even northern areas of Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia and Syria.

    Pines, oaks and olive fields could disappear from these regions, according to the French researchers.

    The Mediterranean region is sensitive to climate change because the heat wave could alter Atlantic currents and thus shrink the chances of precipitation in the area.
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    During the United Nations Environment Summit last year, nearly 200 countries worldwide have undertaken the mission to limit temperature rises by at least 2 degrees Celsius below the average pre-industrial level.

    French university scholars argue that a global drop in temperatures by 1.5 degrees Celsius would be enough to save the ecosystem of the Mediterranean Sea.

    In the past, droughts coincided with large turmoils among populations affected by weather change, as it happened in the late fifteenth century, when most of the farmers in the Ottoman Empire became nomads.

    On Mediterranean coast, the temperature difference between the nineteenth century and the present time is 1.3 degrees Celsius, a figure above the global average of 0.85 degrees Celsius.
    Photo credit: By O H 237 (Own work) [CC BY-SA 4.0], via Wikimedia Commons

  • West Antarctica shows faster melting rate than the other continental side

    West Antarctica is reportedly melting down at a rate higher than the other side of the ice continent.

    Antarctica
    West Antarctica is one of the fastest-warming regions of the planet (public domain)
    Researchers warn that icebergs here are in danger of collapsing into the ocean, which would affect the climate balance of the planet.

    According to a study recently published in the journal Nature Geoscience, cited by the New York Times, the temperatures recorded at the West Antarctica meteorological station increased by over 15 degrees Celsius since 1958 and that is about twice as much as researchers initially thought.

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    According to calculations of scientists, such a phenomenon could rise the sea and ocean level by over three meters.

    It is true that this scenario can not happen suddenly, but it will take several hundred years.